NTSB

Probable cause: The pilot’s improper landing flare, which resulted in a long landing and a runway excursion.

Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to continue flight in mountainous terrain with downdraft conditions, which necessitated a precautionary landing on unsuitable terrain.

Probable cause: The pilot’s decision to take off with the airplane over its maximum gross weight due to his failure to perform preflight weight and balance calculations, which affected the airplane’s takeoff performance, and his subsequent decision to abort the takeoff with too little runway remaining, which resulted in a runway excursion.

Probable cause: The student pilot’s use of an improper engine hand-propping procedure, which resulted in the airplane’s unexpected movement.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack during the takeoff initial climb, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to see and avoid a pole during an agricultural application flight.

Probable cause: The pilot’s inadvertent landing gear retraction during the landing roll.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain adequate airspeed and his exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack during a maximum performance takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Also causal was the pilot’s failure to use the appropriate flap setting in accordance with the manufacturer’s Maximum Performance Takeoff checklist.

Probable cause: The pilot’s inadequate preflight fuel planning, which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.