NTSB

Probable cause: The student pilot’s decision to take off from a partially-lit grass runway in dark night, marginal visual flight rules conditions, which resulted in spatial disorientation, an exceedance of the airplane’s critical angle of attack, and an aerodynamic stall.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to properly secure the airplane before a hand propeller start, which resulted in the airplane moving forward and colliding with maintenance equipment.

Probable cause: The noninstrument-rated pilot’s decision to depart into instrument meteorological conditions, and his subsequent loss of control due to spatial disorientation.

Probable cause: The pilot’s improper decision to take off with known electrical issues, which distracted him and led to a loss of directional control during the takeoff roll.

Probable cause: A collision with a deer on the runway during the takeoff roll.

Probable cause: The ground crew’s incorrect hook up of the banner, which resulted in a nose-over.

Probable cause: The pilot’s failure to maintain directional control during an off-airport precautionary landing on a dirt road with an uphill gradient.

Probable cause: The student pilot’s inadequate in-flight fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion, the subsequent total loss of engine power, and a forced off-airport landing.